#NotOct7 — The Human Cost of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict in Perspective
A sourced timeline of major events and casualties of the Israeli-Palestinian and Arab-Israeli conflict, putting October 7 in perspective.
When: 1987 – 1993
1,162 Non-Israeli killed; 160 Israeli killed
Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation resulted in 1,162 Palestinian deaths (mostly civilians) and 160 Israeli deaths (mostly soldiers).
Sources: Casualties of the Gaza war (Wikipedia)
When: 2000 – 2005
3,179 Non-Israeli killed; 1,010 Israeli killed
Palestinian uprising featured suicide bombings and IDF operations. 3,179 Palestinians and 1,010 Israelis killed.
Sources: Israel-Hamas War (Britannica)
When: 2023-10-07 – present
73,000 Non-Israeli killed; 329 Israeli killed
Israeli counteroffensive ordered by Benjamin Netanyahu has killed over 73,000 Palestinians (per Gaza's Health Ministry, June 2026), with peer-reviewed studies suggesting the true toll is significantly higher. A US-brokered ceasefire took effect on 10 October 2025, but Israeli strikes have continued, killing roughly 1,000 more Palestinians since. To avoid double-counting, the Israeli causality on October 7 Hamas attack has been ignored here.
Sources: Palestinian death toll in Gaza tops 73,000 (PBS News), Casualties of the Gaza war (Wikipedia), Israel-Gaza war tracker (Al Jazeera), IDF names dead soldiers
When: 2023-10-07
1,139 Israeli killed
Hamas launched surprise attacks killing 1,139 Israelis (695 civilians) and taking 240 hostages. Marked the deadliest day for Jews since the Holocaust.
Sources: Casualties of the Gaza war (Wikipedia), Israel-Hamas War (Britannica)
When: 1956-10-29
49 Non-Israeli killed
Israeli Border Police killed 49 Palestinian civilians (including 23 children) for violating a curfew they weren't informed about.
Sources: Israeli war crimes (Wikipedia), President attends Kafr Qasim memorial, apologizes for 1956 massacre
When: April 9, 1948
100 Non-Israeli killed
Irgun and Stern Gang forces attacked the Palestinian village of Deir Yassin, killing 100+ civilians. The event became a catalyst for Palestinian exodus during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
Sources: Arab-Israeli wars (Britannica), The Deir Yassin massacre: Why it still matters 75 years later
When: October 14, 1953
69 Non-Israeli killed
IDF Unit 101 commanded by Ariel Sharon (who later became 11th Prime minister of Israel) destroyed 45 homes and killed 69 Palestinian civilians (two-thirds women and children) in the West Bank village of Qibya.
Sources: Israeli war crimes (Wikipedia)
When: March 5, 2003
17 Israeli killed
Hamas suicide bomber killed 17 Israeli civilians, including nine children.
Sources: Timeline of Israeli-Palestinian conflict (Wikipedia)
When: 2008 – 2009
1,391 Non-Israeli killed; 13 Israeli killed
Israeli military operation in Gaza killed 1,391 Palestinians (759 civilians) and 13 Israelis (3 civilians, 10 soldiers).
Sources: Gaza War (2008-09)
When: 2014 – 2014
2,251 Non-Israeli killed; 73 Israeli killed
Israeli military operation in Gaza killed 2,251 Palestinians (1,462 civilians) and 73 Israelis (6 civilians, 67 soldiers).
Sources: 2014 Gaza War
When: 2024-03-18 – 2024-03-31
1,001 Non-Israeli killed
IDF Intensified Israeli attacks on Rafah and central/northern Gaza. Displacement orders affected over 1.9 million Palestinians
Sources: Israel kills over 1,000 Palestinians in resumption of Gaza war
When: 2024-10-01 – 2024-11-27
2,762 Lebanese killed; 56 Israeli killed
Large-scale Israeli ground invasion targeting Hezbollah, following months of cross-border clashes.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 2024-09-23 – 2024-09-26
558 Lebanese killed
Intensive Israeli airstrikes targeting Hezbollah, including a single-day death toll of 558 civilians.
Sources: Amnesty International
When: 1967-06-05 – 1967-06-10
17,000 Non-Israeli killed; 983 Israeli killed
Preemptive Israeli strikes against Arab states.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1973-10-06 – 1973-10-25
18,500 Egyptians & Syrians killed; 2,800 Israeli killed
Egyptian-Syrian coalition attack on Israeli-held territories.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1967-07-01 – 1970-08-07
12,200 Non-Israeli killed; 1,424 Israeli killed
Egyptian-Syrian coalition attack on Israeli-held territories.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1982-09-16 – 1982-09-18
3,500 Lebanese & Palestinian refugees killed
IDF assisted the Killing of between 1,300 and 3,500 civilians—mostly Palestinians and Lebanese Shias—in the city of Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1946-07-22T10:37:00Z
3,500 Britons 🇬🇧 & others killed
Zionist Jewish terrorist group, Irgun bombed the British administrative headquarters for Mandatory Palestine, housed in the southern wing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. Ninety-one people of various nationalities were killed, including Arabs, Britons and Jews, and 46 were injured.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1936-04-19 – 1936-08-26
5,108 Arabs killed; 762 Israeli killed
Zionist Jewish terrorist group, Irgun bombed the British administrative headquarters for Mandatory Palestine, housed in the southern wing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. Ninety-one people of various nationalities were killed, including Arabs, Britons and Jews, and 46 were injured.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 2021-05-10 – 2021-05-21
256 Non-Israeli killed; 13 Israeli killed
In another 'lawn-mowing' operation, IDF killed hundreds of people.
Sources: Protection of Civilians Report | 24-31 May 2021
When: 1994-02-25
29 Non-Israeli killed
An Israeli settler, Baruch Goldstein, opened fire inside the Ibrahimi Mosque, killing 29 Palestinian worshippers.
Sources: Remembering the Ibrahimi Mosque massacre
When: 1968-03-21
150 Jordanian & Palestinian killed; 28 Israeli killed
Israeli forces attacked the Jordanian town of Karameh, leading to large casualties among Palestinian fighters and Jordanian soldiers.
Sources: Britannica, Wikipedia
When: 1978-03-14 – 1978-03-21
1,000 Non-Israeli killed; 20 Israeli killed
Israeli forces invaded southern Lebanon to fight PLO forces, resulting in the deaths of over 1,000 Lebanese and Palestinian civilians.
Sources: Operation Litani - GlobalSecurity.org
When: 1993-07-25 – 1993-07-31
118 Lebanese killed; 2 Israeli killed
Israeli military campaign in southern Lebanon caused mass displacement and the deaths of dozens of Lebanese civilians.
Sources: Operation Accountability (Human Rights Watch Report), Wikipedia
When: 2021-05-06 – 2021-05-21
600 Non-Israeli killed; 17 Israeli killed
Israeli airstrikes in Gaza days before the Holy Qadr night observed by muslims. The crisis was triggered when Palestinians in East Jerusalem began protesting over an anticipated decision of the Supreme Court of Israel on the eviction of six Palestinian families in the East Jerusalem.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 2018-03-30 – 2019-12-27
223 Non-Israeli killed; 1 Israeli killed
Israeli forces responded to weekly Palestinian protests at the Gaza border with live fire, killing 214 Palestinians (including 46 children) and injuring over 36,000. No Israeli fatalities were reported.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 2002-03-29 – 2002-05-10
497 Non-Israeli killed; 30 Israeli killed
IDF operation in the Israeli-occupied West Bank during the Second Intifada. Lasting for just over a month, it was the largest combat operation in the territory since the 1967 Arab-Israeli War.
Sources: Human Rights Watch: Jenin, Wikipedia
When: 1989-07-06
16 Israeli killed
Bus 405 attack has been described as the first Palestinian suicide attack, despite the survival of the attacker.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1994-10-19
1 Non-Israeli killed; 22 Israeli killed
Hamas suicide attack on a passenger bus driving down Dizengoff Street, Tel Aviv in 1994. At that time, it was the deadliest suicide bombing in Israeli history, and the first successful attack in Tel Aviv.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1 February 1944 – 14 May 1948
141 Britons 🇬🇧 killed; 64 Israeli killed
A paramilitary campaign carried out by Zionist militias and underground groups—including Haganah, Lehi, and Irgun—against British rule in Mandatory Palestine from 1944 to 1948. The tensions between the Zionist underground and the British mandatory authorities rose from 1938 and intensified with the publication of the White Paper of 1939. The Paper outlined new government policies to place further restrictions on Jewish immigration and land purchases, and declared the intention of giving independence to Palestine, with an Arab majority, within ten years. Though World War II brought relative calm, tensions again escalated into an armed struggle towards the end of the war, when it became clear that the Axis powers were close to defeat.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 30 November 1947 – 14 May 1948
1,114 Arabs & Britons 🇬🇧 killed; 895 Israeli killed
First phase of the 1947-1949 Palestine war. It broke out after the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted a resolution on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption of the Partition Plan for Palestine. This was preceded by British forces unable to suppress Jewish insurgency and deferring to United Nation.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 1 January 2023 – 06 October 2023
507 Non-Israeli killed
Before October 7, 2023 was also the deadliest year for West Bank Palestinians since the Second Intifada (2000-2005), with 507 killed, including at least 81 children, mostly by Israeli state forces.
Sources: Crisis Group Report
When: 14 March 1978 – 21 March 1978
550 Non-Israeli killed; 18 Israeli killed
Codenamed Operation Litani by Israel, began when Israel invaded southern Lebanon up to the Litani River in March 1978. It was in response to the Coastal Road massacre near Tel Aviv by Palestinian militants based in Lebanon. The conflict resulted in the deaths of 1,100-2,000 Lebanese and Palestinians, 20 Israelis, and the internal displacement of 100,000 to 250,000 people in Lebanon.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 06 June 1982 – 29 September 1982
19,085 Lebanese & Palestinian killed; 654 Israeli killed
Operation Peace for Galilee, was launched after gunmen from the Abu Nidal Organization attempted to assassinate Shlomo Argov, Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom. Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin blamed the PLO, using the incident as a casus belli. Causality excludes the Sabra and Shatila massacre
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 11 March 1978
39 Non-Israeli killed; 9 Israeli killed
Palestinian militants hijacked a bus on the Coastal Highway of Israel and murdered its occupants.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: 30 November 1947 – 20 July 1949
20,000 Arabs & Palestinians killed; 6,373 Israeli killed
The 1948 Palestine war was fought in the territory of what had been, at the start of the war, British-ruled Mandatory Palestine. During the war, the British withdrew from Palestine, Zionist forces conquered territory and established the State of Israel, and over 700,000 Palestinians were expelled from their home. By the end of the war, the State of Israel had captured about 78% of former territory of the mandate, the Kingdom of Jordan had captured and later annexed the area that became the West Bank, and Egypt had captured the Gaza Strip. The war formally ended with the 1949 Armistice Agreements, which established the Green Line demarcating these territories. It was the first war of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the broader Arab-Israeli conflict.
Sources: Wikipedia, The Palestinian Nakba (Institute for Middle East Understanding)
When: February 25, 2024
1 American 🇺🇸 killed
A 25-year-old serviceman of the United States Air Force, died after setting himself on fire outside the front gate of the Embassy of Israel in Washington, D.C. Immediately before the act, which was live-streamed on Twitch, Bushnell said that he was protesting against "what people have been experiencing in Palestine at the hands of their colonizers" and declared that he "will no longer be complicit in genocide", after which he doused himself with a flammable liquid and set himself on fire. As he burned, Bushnell repeatedly shouted "Free Palestine!" After he collapsed onto the ground, two Secret Service officers attempted to extinguish the flames while a third covered for them with their weapon. The Metropolitan Police Department also responded to assist the Secret Service. Bushnell was transported to a local hospital in critical condition and was declared dead in the evening.
Sources: Wikipedia
When: June 13, 2025 – June 24, 2025
1,190 Iranian killed; 28 Israeli killed
On June 13, 2025, Israel launched a surprise attack, striking over 100 targets in Iran, including nuclear facilities and military leadership sites. Iran retaliated with waves of ballistic missiles and drones targeting Israeli cities. On June 22, the United States joined with Operation Midnight Hammer, bombing the Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan nuclear sites with B-2 stealth bombers and Tomahawk missiles. A US-brokered ceasefire took effect on June 24. Over the 12 days, Israeli strikes killed at least 1,190 people in Iran (including 436 civilians, per HRANA), while Iranian missiles killed 28 people in Israel (all but one civilian).
Sources: Casualties of the Iran-Israel war (Wikipedia), The Israel-Iran war by the numbers (Times of Israel), 2025 United States strikes on Iranian nuclear sites (Wikipedia)
When: 2025-01-21 – present
100 Non-Israeli killed
Two days after adding the occupied West Bank to its Gaza "war objectives," Israel launched its largest West Bank operation since the Second Intifada, focused on the Jenin, Tulkarm and Nur Shams refugee camps. Tanks were deployed in the West Bank for the first time in over 20 years. The operation killed at least 100 Palestinians (including children), demolished hundreds of homes, and forcibly displaced around 40,000 people — the largest displacement in the West Bank since the 1967 war.
Sources: Iron Wall (Israeli military operation) - Wikipedia, Israeli military operation displaces 40,000 in the West Bank (UN News)
When: 2025-09-09
6 Qatari & Palestinian killed
Israel carried out an airstrike in Doha targeting Hamas's negotiating leadership as it met to discuss a US ceasefire proposal — its first known attack on Qatar and on a Gulf state. The senior Hamas figures survived; six people were killed, including the son of negotiator Khalil al-Hayya, his office director, three bodyguards, and a corporal in the Qatari Internal Security Force. Qatar condemned the strike as "state terrorism."
Sources: 2025 Israeli attack on Doha (Wikipedia), Israel strikes Hamas leadership in Qatar (CNN)
When: 1956-10-29 – 1956-11-07
1,000 Egyptians killed; 172 Israeli killed
Israel invaded Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, coordinated with a British and French campaign to seize the nationalised Suez Canal. The Sinai fighting killed an estimated 1,000+ Egyptians and around 172 Israelis. During the occupation of Gaza, Israeli forces also killed hundreds of Palestinian civilians in the Khan Yunis and Rafah killings.
Sources: Suez Crisis (Wikipedia), Suez Crisis (Britannica)
When: 2006-07-12 – 2006-08-14
1,109 Lebanese killed; 119 Israeli killed
A 34-day war between Israel and Hezbollah triggered by a cross-border Hezbollah raid. Israeli air, naval and ground assault killed at least 1,109 Lebanese (the large majority civilians, per Human Rights Watch), displaced about a million people, and destroyed wide swaths of southern Lebanon and Beirut's southern suburbs. Hezbollah rockets and fighting killed about 119 Israelis (43 civilians and ~76 soldiers).
Sources: Why They Died: Civilian Casualties in Lebanon (Human Rights Watch), Casualties of the 2006 Lebanon War (Wikipedia)
When: 1996-04-11 – 1996-04-27
154 Lebanese killed
A 17-day Israeli campaign against Hezbollah in southern Lebanon that killed roughly 154 Lebanese civilians. On 18 April, Israeli artillery shelled a UN compound at Qana sheltering ~800 civilians, killing 106 and wounding around 116. A UN investigation found the shelling was unlikely to have been an accident.
Sources: Qana massacre (Wikipedia), Unlawful killings during operation Grapes of Wrath (Amnesty International)
When: 2012-11-14 – 2012-11-21
171 Non-Israeli killed; 6 Israeli killed
An eight-day Israeli offensive on Gaza that began with the assassination of Hamas military chief Ahmed Jabari. Israeli strikes killed 171 Palestinians (more than 100 civilians), while rockets from Gaza killed 6 Israelis (4 civilians). An Egypt- and US-brokered ceasefire ended the fighting.
Sources: 2012 Gaza War (Wikipedia), Human Rights Violations during Operation Pillar of Defense (B'Tselem)
When: 1976-03-30
6 Non-Israeli killed
Israeli police and army killed six unarmed Palestinian citizens of Israel and wounded about 100 during a general strike and protests against state confiscation of Palestinian-owned land in the Galilee. It was the first mass collective action by Palestinians in Israel since 1948 and is commemorated annually.
Sources: Land Day (Wikipedia), Land Day: What happened in 1976? (Al Jazeera)
When: 1990-10-08
17 Non-Israeli killed
Israeli border police opened fire on Palestinians at the Al-Aqsa compound in Jerusalem during the First Intifada, killing 17 Palestinians and wounding more than 150. UN Security Council Resolution 672 condemned the violence by Israeli security forces.
Sources: 1990 Temple Mount killings (Wikipedia)
When: 1972-09-05
11 Israeli killed
Eight members of the Palestinian Black September group took the Israeli Olympic team hostage at the 1972 Munich Olympics. Eleven Israeli athletes and coaches were killed, along with a West German police officer, during a failed rescue at Fürstenfeldbruck airbase.
Sources: Munich massacre (Wikipedia)
When: 1974-05-15
31 Israeli killed
Three DFLP militants who infiltrated from Lebanon seized a school in Ma'alot, taking more than 100 students hostage. The attack and ensuing assault killed about 31 Israelis, including 22 schoolchildren.
Sources: Ma'alot massacre (Wikipedia)
When: 2001-06-01
21 Israeli killed
A Hamas suicide bomber detonated outside the Dolphinarium nightclub on the Tel Aviv seafront, killing 21 Israelis, 16 of them teenagers, mostly from recently arrived Soviet immigrant families. It was the deadliest attack on Israel in five years at the time.
Sources: Dolphinarium discotheque bombing (Wikipedia)
When: 2001-08-09
15 Israeli killed
A Hamas suicide bomber attacked a Sbarro pizzeria in central Jerusalem during the Second Intifada, killing 15 Israelis (including five children) and wounding about 130.
Sources: Sbarro restaurant bombing (Wikipedia)
When: 2002-03-27
30 Israeli killed
A Hamas suicide bomber struck a Passover seder at the Park Hotel in Netanya, killing 30 Israeli civilians and wounding 140. The deadliest attack on Israelis of the Second Intifada, it triggered Israel's Operation Defensive Shield in the West Bank.
Sources: Passover massacre (Wikipedia)